Cues

= Cues... = **Semantic Cues** – are meanings that com e from the knowledge about the world, from books being read aloud and from personal experiences. //Examples of semantic cues//, where the meanings of certain words depend on the other words that surround them: · Can you //run// the store? · Can you //run// in the election? · Can you //run// in the race? **Syntactic Cues** - hints based on syntax that help a reader make sense of and understand a text. //Examples of syntactic cues//: **Grapho-phonic Cues** – when students begin to develop an understanding of letter-sound relationships, they can use this knowledge to predict what an unfamiliar word might be. //Example of grapho-phonic cues//:
 * When readers read "Once upon a. . .", their knowledge of the structure of English helps them predict that the next word will be "time." That prediction is confirmed when they see the le tter "t" at the beginning of the next word.
 * When they read a phrase like "in a deep, dark _", they know that the next word will be a noun and describe a place.
 * If a student knew the "p" letter-sound relationship, he or she could use it to support the prediction of "pitcher" as opposed to "catcher” in the example, "The pitcher threw the ball."
 * Wait/weight and read/red have different letters and different meanings.